Prospective association between several dietary scores and risk of cardiovascular diseases: Is the Mediterranean diet equally associated to cardiovascular diseases compared to National Nutritional Scores?
Résumé
BackgroundMediterranean diet has been consistently negatively associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) butthe superiority compared to official nutritional guidelines has not been tested yet. Our objective was to prospectively investigatethe association between several nutritional scores and incidence of cardiovascular diseases.Methods and findingsA total of 94,113 participants from the NutriNet-Santé cohort were followed between2009 and 2018. The participants have completed at least three 24 h dietary records during the first two-years of follow-up tocompute nutritional scores reflecting adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MEDI-LITE), American dietary guidelines (AHEI-2010) and French dietary guidelines (mPNNS-GS). Sex-specific quartiles (Q) of scores were computed. Multivariable Coxproportional hazards models were used to estimate the associations between scores and incidence of CVD, documented usingHazard Ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Thus, 1399 incident CVD events occurred during the follow-up(mean follow-up = 5.4 years). Comparing Q4 versus Q1 quartile, HR for the MEDI-LITE and AHEI-2010 were 0.79 (95% CI:0.67-0.93,P-trend = .004) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.63-0.89,P-trend = .002) respectively. These associations remained similarwhen removing early cases of CVD, when analyses were restricted to participants withN6 dietary records and whenconsidering transient ischemic attacks. In this last case, association between CVD’risk and mPNNS-GS become significant.ConclusionsA better nutritional quality of diet is overall associated with lower risk of CVD. The future version of thePNNS-GS, based on the updated version of the French dietary guidelines, should strengthen the CVD protective effect of Frenchrecommendations. (Am Heart J 2019;217:1-12
Origine : Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s)